TASK(10) THE UNFORGETABLE CHILDHOOD MEMORIES

    My unforgettable childhood memories, was when I was in kinder garden. My mum sent me to school that morning. I saw my friend and we managed to skip out of the school. We went to playground to play. At the afternoon, my mum was about to fetch me from school until she saw my teacher. My teacher was asking why were I absent. My mum was shock and got angry. I ran way home and I were so afraid that my mum will beat me up in my butt. So, when I reached home, I hide inside the garbage can at our backyard. It stinks, i can hardly smell it. I felt like i was going to faint. Then I started crying loudly. My mum heard me cry and went to backyard to look for me. I was afraid but then she started laughing at me when she saw me inside the garbage can. That moment is very memorable. Decade had passed, I still can't forget that moment.

TASK(10) TELEVISION EFFECTS ON CHILDREN

Topic sentence

• The television effects has bad and good side on children.

Supporting sentence

• Children will not do their homework.
• Children will start to follow some actions that they watched.
• Learn new things in educational channel.
• Gives family member to spend time together.

Concluding sentence

• There are advantages and disadvantages while letting your children watch the television.

Linkers

• Therefore, you should not let you children to watch alone. Parental guidance is needed.

Paragraph

         The television effects has bad and good side on children. Children will not do their homework. some children will so much time in front of television that they will forget to do their homework. Children will start to follow some actions that they watched. Don't let the children watch brutal shows or movies. Learn new things in educational channel. Some channels are educational, which children can watch and able to learn new things. Gives family member to spend time together. There are advantages and disadvantages while letting your children watch the television. Therefore, you should not let you children to watch alone. Parental guidance is needed.

TASK(10) SMOKING CIGARETTES

Topic sentence

• Smoking is dangerous to your health.

Supporting sentence

• It can cause lung cancer.
• The first smoker is harming the life of the second smoker.
• Buying cigarettes is just a waste of money.
• can lead to addiction.

Concluding sentence

• Smoking cigarettes won't bring good things to you. 

Linkers

• Therefore, those smokers should stop before it harm your body.

Paragraph

     Smoking is dangerous to your health. It can cause lung cancer, which will lead to heart disease. The first smoker is harming the life of the second smoker. The second smoker is nearer to harmful smoke than the first smoker. Buying cigarettes is just a waste of money. Instead buying cigarettes, just save your money to buy healthy foods. Can lead to addiction. Smoking is just a first step. Some people, they tried to experience new things like drugs. Smoking cigarettes won't bring good things to you. Therefore, those smokers should stop before it harm your body.

TASK(10) 1

I learn a lot of things during this assignment. First i learned bubbling, listing and brainstorming, simple sentence, compound sentence, complex sentence and compound-complex sentence, the stages of writing process,  i learn how to make a paragraph, topic sentence, supporting sentence, concluding sentence and transmission, i was able to revise the parts of speech too. My difficulties in completing this tasks was i got confused where to search for the notes. I thought that i have to search in Google. Luckily, my friend informed me that i can download the notes from the Ms. Freda"s blog. Aside from that, m\one of my difficulties is, I don't have internet connection but thank god i am able to finish this. 

TASK(9) SERENDIPITY

This movie is all about how two people challenge themselves with destiny. It started in a mall before Christmas. The two strangers collide during to mad holiday tush as they fall victim to a mutual and major attraction. They fell in love at first sight just because they were about to buy the same black gloves. Despite that each of them involved in an other relationship, they spend the evening wandering in the Manhattan, without even knowing their names. After they had dinner, they decided to say goodbyes at each other. But they meet again few minutes later, that wasn't just once or twice. So, they decided to challenge the destiny. Sarah proposes an idea that will allow fate to take control of the future. During the challenge in the lift, they didn't meet. So, Sarah taught that it must be their destiny. Years passed, both of them will be marrying their fiance soon when they decided to search for each other. Sarah almost lost her hope when she discovered that Jonathan will marry her fiance in the day that she discover. They lost their hope but destiny finds it way back to the two people that were destines to be together. If I were them, i wouldn't let the destiny decide for what's gonna happen in my life or love life. I will make my own destiny. We make it, we do not wait for it to happen. If you don't make a move, it won't happen when you want it.

NOTE(9) TECHNIQUES OF SKIMMING AND SCANNING AND SUMMARIZING TECHNIQUES

1.Skimming and scanning are especially valuable when there is only one item of information that you need to find from a particular passage.

2.Skimming and scanning are very rapid reading methods in which you glance at a passage to find specific information. These reading methods make it easier for you to grasp large amounts of material, especially when you're previewing. They are also useful when you don't need to know every word.

What is scanning?

Scanning refers to reading a text quickly in order to locate specific pieces of information.

When scanning,

• don't start from the beginning and read to the end
• jump around in the text, trying to find the information you need
• cam't read every word/skip many words
• look for information as quickly as you can

You can scan,

• a table of contents in a book or magazine
• an index in a textbook
• a timetable
• the ads in a newspaper
• a list of movies in the newspaper
• a telephone book the page of a dictionary
• a passage/text/article to quickly find the information mentioned in the question

What is skimming?

Skimming refers to reading a paragraph quickly to get an idea of what it is about, without trying to understand its details.

• this is a technique used to identify the main ideas of a text

When skimming, 

• don't read every thing but try to skip the text
• read the first and last sentences of paragraphs
• read the introduction and the summary
• read a few examples until you understand the concepts they are meant to illustrate

When skimming a textbook,

• quickly note the title, subheadings, italicized words
• boldfaces prints and illustrations

TASK(8) TOWER HEIST

Josh Kovacs is the building manager of The Tower. It is a high-rise luxury apartment complex in somewhere in New York. The other main characters are Charlie, Enrique, Lester, Odessa and Miss Lovenko. Josh is very aware and won't even let anything worst happen in The Tower. A rich and old man leave in the top of this building, Arthur Shaw is under house arrest after stealing billion dollars, the pension money of the workers in building. After Lester tried to kill himself, Josh promise him that he will get all the money that Arthur stole from them. With only days, before Arthur gets away with the perfect time, Josh asks for help from Slide, who happen to be pro in stealing things. They all plan to get at the unit house of Arthur to get their money back from the safety vault. But when they open it, they discover that it was empty. Slide and Josh had an argument after seeing it and accidentally pull the trigger. The bullet hit the Ferrari. That's when they discover that the car is made up of gold. They steal it, and instead of giving back the money to the staffs, they divided the parts of the car. If I were the main character, i would do the same thing. Because in the situation in the movie, he was the one who asked Arthur to handle all the financial stuffs. So, i will feel guilty and would do the same actions like Josh did.

NOTE(8) TECHNIQUES OF EDITING & REVISING A PARAGRAPH

STEP 1 (Free Writing) before editing

My Grandmother

  My grandmother. She was a good cook. The best cook. Every weekend we have a big dinner. With big, big, bowls of food. Lots of talking. Everybody in the family there. Every time we eat the same food, but we always love it. Is our favourite meal. She never mad at us. She always defends us when we are in trouble with our parents. One time I picked all the roses in her garden. She not even mad then. Grandmother kind and generous. She gives food to poor people. She never makes them feel bad about taking it. Makes people feel good, just as she made me feel good when I picked all the roses. Thanked me for the beautiful bouquet. Mother really angry. Grandmother always forgives. Forgiving heart.

STEP 1 (Free Writing) after editing

My Grandmother

  My grandmother. She was a good cook. The best cook. Every weekend we have a big dinner. With big, big, bowls of food. Lots of talking. Everybody in the family there. Every time we eat the same food, but we always love it. Is our favourite meal. She never mad at us. She always defends us when we are in trouble with our parents. One time I picked all the roses in her garden. She not even mad then. [Grandmother kind and generous.] She gives food to poor people. She never makes them feel bad about taking it. Makes people feel good, just as she made me feel good when I picked all the roses. Thanked me for the beautiful bouquet. Mother really angry. Grandmother always forgives. Forgiving heart.

STEP 2 (Write the first draft)

• Write your paragraph in rough form.
• Don’t worry about the errors.

My grandmother

        My grandmother kind and generous. She never mad at us. She always makes people feel good. One time I picked all the roses in her garden. She not mad even then. She made me feel good. Thanked me for the beautiful bouquet. Grandmother gives food to poor people. She never makes them feel bad about taking it. Makes people feel good, just as she made me feel good when I picked all the roses. Grandmother always forgive. Forgiving heart.

STEP 3 (Edit the first draft)

• This is when you start to edit the 1^st draft
• You need to check & make changes & corrections
• There are 2 steps:
• STEP   A
• You check the paragraph as a whole
• Is the meaning clear?
• STEP   B
• Check the paragraph for good form, organization, grammar, punctuation, spelling & etc

STEP 4 (Write the final copy)

• You write a neat final copy of your paragraph to hand in to your lecturer.

My grandmother.

        My grandmother is kind and generous. She always makes people feel good. One time, I picked all the roses in her garden. She wasn’t mad even then. She thanked me for giving her a beautiful bouquet. Grandmother also gives food to poor people. She never makes them feel bad about taking it. She makes them feel good, just as she made me feel good when I picked all the roses. I will always remember my grandmother’s kindness and generosity.

TASK(7) BREAKING DAWN

Why breaking dawn is my favorite? Well, it is because it is the most thick and last book i have ever read. Nope, I didn't bought the book actually. I borrowed it from my sister whose age now is 31. I'd read it like 3 years ago just before the movie came out. The author of this book is Stephenie Meyer. I don't know much about the author but I should say that she did an amazing work. she was noted because of the Twilight series. She is a novelist and producer. According to my research, Stephenie was born in Hartford Connecticut, to Stephen and Candy Morgan. She grew up in Phoenix, Arizona, with five sibling, which are Seth, Emily, Jacob, Paul and Heidi. If you are twilight fanatics, i am sure that her siblings' name sounds so familiar. It is because it is the character names in twilight which are the ware wolves. The story Breaking Down is divided into three individual books. During part 1 I read about Bella’s wedding and marriage to Edward. They spend their honeymoon on a remote island near the coast of Brazil. During their stay, Bella’s wish comes true when she and Edward make love. Shortly after, Bella becomes aware of her pregnancy when she misses a period. She contacts Carlisle who confirms her suspicions, the couple make plans to return soon after. The fetus develops rapidly, an occurrence that prompts Edward to request she gets an abortion. Unperturbed, Bella resists his pleas and contacts her friend Rosalie, who has wanted children for a long time. Part two is written from Jacob Black’s perspective, it documents the pregnancy of Bella right through to the birth of her child. The werewolves in the novel are unsure of the child and fear of the danger it poses prompts them to make plans to kill Bella to prevent it’s birth. Naturally, Jacob is strongly opposed to this and revolts. He cuts all ties to the pack and forms his own alongside Leah Clearwater and Seth. Four weeks after conception Bella gives violent birth to the child. In the process she loses a great deal of blood and suffers multiple broken bones. To save her life Edward is forced to embrace and turn her into a vampire. Immediately after the birth Jacob imprints the new born baby girl Renesmee. The final part of Breaking Dawn reverts back to Bella’s view point, continuing her story as an excited Vampire who enjoys all the abilities it brings. Irina, another Vampire mistakenly identifies the baby; she believes Renesmee is an “immortal child, one that has been changed to a Vampire. An act the Volturi outlawed previously. Irina informs the Volturi of the act, they then decide to destroy the Cullens and baby Renesmee based on Irina’s allegations. To prove their innocence and save the life of their baby daughter the Cullens gather vampires to stand up as witnesses and help prove to the Volturi the child isn’t an immortal child. The ploy works, the Volturi realize they have been lied to by Irina and immediately sentence her to execution for the mistake. She is killed shortly after. Despite the news of the childs true nature being revealed they are still unsure as to the threat the childs existence brings to the secret lives of vampires. Soon after, the arrival of Jasper and Alice, who too had a human-vampire child return. They prove the child presents no threat with Nahuel, their 150 year old crossbreed son. The Volturi see the truth in these words and promptly leave, safe in the knowledge that vampire-human crossbreeds can co-exist without bringing any undue attention on the vampire’s existence. Bella, Edward and their daughter Renesmee return safely to their home. There are best things that i like in this book. First, Jacob's preface. Life Sucks, and then you'll die. "Yeah, I should be to lucky!" hahaha. Second, the character of Leah Clearwater. Third, the wedding of Bella and Edward, no side comment here. It was utterly perfect. I wish my wedding will be that perfect. 

NOTE(7) LITERARY DEVICES

The terms, roles of literary devices and imagery

• Use a little figurative language to add interest to your story.
• Simile
• Metaphor
• Alliteration
• Onomatopoeia

Simile:

• Comparison between two unlike things that have something in common using like or as
• Examples
• It's been a hard day's night and I've been working like a dog. - The Beatles
• My heart is like an open highway. - Jon Bon Jovi 
• as hungry as a bear
• as nutty as a fruitcake
• as quick as lightning

Metaphor:

• Comparison between two unlike things that have something in common without using like or as
• Examples
• Patty was a raging tiger when she lost her lunch money.
• During the night the forest was a dark, frightening battlefield.

Alliteration:

• Repetition of usually initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words or syllables
• Examples
• down in the dumps
• do or die
• right as rain
• sink or swim
• pay the price
• back to the basics
• green as grass
• live the life

Onomatopoeia:

• The imitation of natural sounds in word form. These words help us form mental pictures about the things, people, or places that are described
• Examples
• buzz
• hiss
• roar
• woof
• bang
• pop
• hiss
• sizzle

TASK(6)

My common mistakes that i always do when writing are my grammar. I often use grammar wrongly and sometimes i forgot the rules of part of speech. Sometimes, i do find writing in English is difficult because when i am starting to express my words in English, i don't know what proper word should i use. To overcome this problem, i suggest that i should read more books everyday especially English dictionary. This will help you to learn new words that you don't know or haven't heard before. You can also do exercise and practice. As we all know, practice makes perfect.

NOTE(6) PARTS OF SPEECH

1. NOUN

• Words used as the names of persons/ things/ places.
• Note: The word thing includes all objects which we can SEE, HEAR, TASTE, TOUCH or SMELL. 
• 4 types of nouns:
• Common Nouns 
• Ex: wallet, ball, table, chair, book, college, glass, girl, etc. 
• Proper Nouns
• Ex: Haikal, Britney, Klang, Astro, Petronas, Nokia, Gucci, etc.   
• Collective Nouns
• Ex: a school of fish, a herd of cows, a box of chocolates, a team of players etc.
• Abstract Nouns
• Ex: sad, plagiarism, cooperation, honesty etc.

2. PRONOUN

• Defined as a word which can be used instead of a noun.
• We use pronouns very often, especially so that we do not have to keep on repeating a noun.
• Words that take the place of nouns.
• 3 levels:-
• 1^st person (I, We)
• 2^nd person (You)
• 3^rd person (He, She, It)
• Ex: Johan is a boy. He studies in our school.

Singular

Plural

3. ADJECTIVE

• A word that describes or tells us more about a noun.
• Gives some idea of what the noun is like.
• Adjectives are said to qualify nouns.
• Ex: Shana is a clever girl.
• Manchester United displayed great team spirit. 

4. VERB

• Occur at the center of the predicate.
• The main part of a sentence.
• May denote actions or states of being.
• A verb is a doing word.
• ex:  We saw the cricket match.
• She runs as fast as Usain Bolt.

5. ADVERB

• Provides information about the verb/adjective or another adverb.
• Most adverbs end in ‘-ly’ but not all.
• Generally there are 5 types:-
• Adverb of Manner
• These adverbs tell us how something is done.
• ex: a) He worked systematically.
• b) He plays tennis well. 
• Adverb of Place
• These adverbs tell us where the action takes place.
• ex: a) The manager is there.
• b) He is going abroad this year.
• Adverb of Time
• These adverbs tell us when the action takes place.
• ex: a) He will be arriving tomorrow.
• b) Negotiations have now begun.
• Adverb of Degree
• These adverbs tell us the degree to which the action takes place.
• ex: a) I quite like her.
• b) It is a very hot day.
• Adverb Expressing Emphasis
• These adverbs emphasizes the action taking place.
• ex: a) The train is certainly going to be late.
• b) You are absolutely right about this.

6. PREPOSITION

• Express a relation between 2 entities; the prepositional complement and another part of the sentence.
• “Pre-position” = placed before.
• Used to indicate position, time, duration, location, etc.
• Usually placed before a noun.
• ex: a) The books are on the table.
• b) The couple rested under the tree.

7. CONJUNCTION

• They are joining words.
• They may link words, phrases, clauses or sentences.
• Join two ideas.
• ex: a) I like to read books and magazines.
• b) He is my friend but your enemy.  

8. INTERJECTION

• A word which expresses sudden feelings of joy, sorrow or surprise.
•  Expressions which deal with emotions.
• ex: a) Hooray! We won the match.
• b) Alas! Her only son is dead.

TASK(5) WATER POLLUTION

     Water pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems. It occurs when water is contaminated by such substances as human and animal wastes, toxic industrial chemicals, agricultural residues, oil and heat. Most of our water bodies like rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, estuaries and underground water sources are gradually becoming polluted. Polluted water may look clean or dirty, but it invariably contains germs, chemicals or other materials that can cause inconvenience, illness or death. Water pollution is very dangerous to our health therefore, we should not pollute our water and start taking action.

TOPIC SENTENCE

Water pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems.

SUPPORTING SENTENCE

It occurs when water is contaminated by such substances as human and animal wastes, toxic industrial chemicals, agricultural residues, oil and heat. Most of our water bodies like rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, estuaries and underground water sources are gradually becoming polluted. Polluted water may look clean or dirty, but it invariably contains germs, chemicals or other materials that can cause inconvenience, illness or death.

CONCLUDING SENTENCE

Water pollution is very dangerous to our health therefore, we should not pollute our water and start taking action.

TASK(5) 2 TYPES OF PARAGRAPH (TOPIC, SUPPORTING & CONCLUDING SENTENCES)

PARAGRAPH 1

    Charity for the poor works to the interest of society. Charity helps poor people eat better, have a shelter and medicine so that they live better lives. Without charity the poor may not find basic resources to get by in life. As a consequence of being left alone with their misfortune--hungry, ill and homeless--poor people may contract diseases, die early, and engage in crimes. Most likely, they become bad role models for their children, too. These end-results harm a society.

Topic sentence

Charity for the poor works to the interest of society.

Supporting sentence

Charity helps poor people eat better, have a shelter and medicine so that they live better lives. Without charity the poor may not find basic resources to get by in life. As a consequence of being left alone with their misfortune--hungry, ill and homeless--poor people may contract diseases, die early, and engage in crimes. Most likely, they become bad role models for their children, too.

Concluding sentence

These end-results harm a society.

PARAGRAPH 2

    My brother has some disgusting and inconsiderate habits. He loves to chew on toothpicks. That would not be so bad if he didn’t leave them lying all over the house. Sometimes they even get stuck in the carpet. Another bad habit he has is walking through the house with his muddy boots. He will walk right across a freshly washed floor. He will take his boots off and leave them in the middle of the floor for everyone to trip over. He leaves hair all over the shower and the soap. He doesn’t bother to rinse the shower out or to rinse the soap off. This is inconsiderate because everyone else has to use the shower too. If my brother lived alone, he could be the slob that he is without anyone else caring, but since he lives with other people, it would help if he showed a little more consideration for his family!

Topic sentence

My brother has some disgusting and inconsiderate habits.

Supporting sentence

That would not be so bad if he didn’t leave them lying all over the house. Sometimes they even get stuck in the carpet. Another bad habit he has is walking through the house with his muddy boots. He will walk right across a freshly washed floor. He will take his boots off and leave them in the middle of the floor for everyone to trip over. He leaves hair all over the shower and the soap. He doesn’t bother to rinse the shower out or to rinse the soap off. This is inconsiderate because everyone else has to use the shower too.

Concluding sentence

If my brother lived alone, he could be the slob that he is without anyone else caring, but since he lives with other people, it would help if he showed a little more consideration for his family!

TASK(4) TOPIC SENTENCES, SUPPORTING SENTENCES & CONCLUDING SENTENCES

TOPIC SENTENCE

• Summer is near.

SUPPORTING SENTENCES

• Summer is my favorite season among all.
• I am able to have cold drinks and ice cream without worrying about getting sick.
• Summer is a great time to go to the beach with friends and family.

CONCLUDING SENTENCE

• Summer is enjoyable in fact, I love summer and I can't wait for it.

NOTE(4) TOPIC SENTENCES, SUPPORTING SENTENCES & CONCLUDING SENTENCES

The P.I.E. Paragraph

• P = point
• What is the point of this paragraph?
• What claim is being made?
• Often, the point is the TOPIC SENTENCE.
• I = information
• Supported with specific data, experiences, or other factual material?
• The information is the evidence used to support/develop the point.
• E = explanation/conclusion
• What does the provided information mean?
• The explanation is the writer’s analysis, elaboration, evaluation of the point and information given, connecting the information with the point (topic sentence).
• Example:

My friend

                Eun Hee and I met in high school. When I left Korea, she cried. Eun Hee works at General Hospital, and she is never absent from work. She likes to take care of the patients, but she doesn’t like the doctors. She says they don’t respect the nurses. One doctor always shouts at the nurses. On the weekends, she goes to the mountains or visits an interesting place. Eun Hee is very active. If there is something that she wants to do, she does it. She is cheerful and talkative. When I had a long face and was sad, she talked cheerfully to me. Eun Hee is tall and very thin. She has small, brown eyes and long, curly dark brown hair. She looks like Olive Oyl in the Popeye cartoons. Olive Oyl is Popeye’s girlfriend. Sometimes, when my friends and I were serious, she told jokes to us. I love her, and I want to see her again soon.

Topic Sentence/Point

• Eun Hee and I met in high school.

Supporting Sentence/Information

• When I left Korea, she cried. Eun Hee works at General Hospital, and she is never absent from work. She likes to take care of the patients, but she doesn’t like the doctors. She says they don’t respect the nurses. One doctor always shouts at the nurses. On the weekends, she goes to the mountains or visits an interesting place. Eun Hee is very active. If there is something that she wants to do, she does it. She is cheerful and talkative. When I had a long face and was sad, she talked cheerfully to me. Eun Hee is tall and very thin. She has small, brown eyes and long, curly dark brown hair. She looks like Olive Oyl in the Popeye cartoons. Olive Oyl is Popeye’s girlfriend. Sometimes, when my friends and I were serious, she told jokes to us.

Concluding Sentence/Explanation

• I love her, and I want to see her again soon.

1. Ideas for making a POINT:

• Decide what you want to say to support your topic based on your reaction to the text
• Try categorizing your ideas and make a comment on a recurring theme you’ve found.

2. Ideas for INFORMATION:

• Information from the readings or class discussions (paraphrases or, occasionally, short quotes)
• Personal experience (stories, anecdotes, examples from your life)
• Representations in mass media (newspapers, magazines, television)
• Elements from popular culture (song lyrics, movie lines, TV characters, celebrities)
• Definitions (from the dictionary, the readings, or another source)
• Statistics (polls, percentages, data from research studies)

3. Ideas for EXPLANATION:

• Interpret, analyze, explain the information, opinion or quote you’ve included
• Comment on the accuracy (or inaccuracy) of the quote, fact, data, information, etc.
• Decipher the meaning or try to better your understanding of your observation, findings or experience
• Suggest to your reader how the information you’ve included relates to your TOPIC.

TRANSITIONS

• To show addition: again, and, also, besides, equally important, first (second, etc.), further, furthermore, in addition, in the first place, moreover, next, too
• To give examples: for example, for instance, in fact, specifically, that is, to illustrate
• To compare: also, in the same manner, likewise, similarly
•  To contrast: although, and yet, at the same time, but, despite, even though, however, in contrast, in spite of, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, still, though, yet
• To summarize or conclude: all in all, in conclusion, in other words, in short, in summary, on the whole, that is, therefore, to sum up
• To show time: after, afterward, as, as long as, as soon as, at last, before, during, earlier, finally, formerly, immediately, later, meanwhile, next, since, shortly, subsequently, then, thereafter, until, when, while
•  To show place or direction: above, below, beyond, close, elsewhere, farther on, here, nearby, opposite, to the left (north, etc.)
• To indicate logical relationship: accordingly, as a result, because, consequently, for this reason, hence, if, otherwise, since, so, then, therefore, thus 

TASK(3) WRITING PROCESS

1. Get ideas

-in this stage, you can gather your ideas by listing, mind map or bubbling. You are able to write in what form because it is free writing.

2. Organize ideas

-when all your ideas were gathered (in first stage), you are going to arrange it and decide which ideas will be use. You are only picking the best ideas that you gathered.

3. Write

-in this stage, you are going to start in draft. In this first draft, you can write your ideas in your own way to make it interesting. Don't worry about the mistakes like spelling and grammar, because it is only your draft or guide.

4. Revise

-in this stage, you need to check all the ideas that you gathered. Ask yourself if you list the things or ideas you want to say.

5. Edit

-in this stage, you are going to check your grammar or any other mistakes you have written in your draft. It is important to revise first and then edit it.

6. Write

-from your first draft, rewrite it. write the topic. When your done, you can now submit it.

NOTE(3) STAGES OF WRITING PROCESS

1. Get ideas:

• Prewriting activities
• Free writing
• Listing
• Mind map
• Bubbling

2. Organize ideas:

• Arrange your ideas for writing
• Decide which ideas to use.
• Will you use all of the ideas or only some.
• Think about the order of your ideas.

3. Write:

• Write the first draft.
• Get comfortable and relax.
• In the first draft, try to write your ideas in an interesting way.
• Don’t worry about the mistakes.

4. Revise:

• Check your ideas and irrelevant sentences.
• Did you follow your plan?
• Or did you change your plan while writing?
• Ask yourself, “Did I say what I wanted to say?’

5. Edit:

• Check the grammar in your paragraph.
• It is important to revise your ideas first and then edit your grammar.

6. Write:

• Rewrite the first draft
• Write the topic
• Submit

TASK(2) SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX, COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE

Simple Sentence

1. She loves cake.
2. Tony and Amy went to mall.

Compound Sentence

1. They want to play but he is tired.
2. Maria likes to drink lemonade and Mario wants soda.

Complex Sentence

1. Kelvin and Abby went to the movies after they finished studying.
2. The students are studying because they have a mid term exam next week.

Compound-Complex Sentence

1.     Although the children were running everywhere, closer observation indicated that they were playing a game, and they had created it themselves.

2.     Dad went fishing, but Mom stayed home because she wanted to be there when Terri arrived.

NOTE(2) SENTENCE STRUCTURE

What is a sentence?

• A group words that contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. 
• A sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a period.
• Components of a sentence:
• Subject
• Predicate
• Object

Sentence Structure

• Simple Sentence
• Compound  Sentence
• Complex  Sentence
• Compound-Complex  Sentence

Examples of sentences:

1. He is a student.
2. It is a hot today.
3. He looks tired.
4. Are you hungry?
5. Who's there?
6. Hurry!
7. The man bought a new car.
8. Does your sister live with you?
9. Where did you buy hat?
10. Don't be late.

Examples of Non sentences:

1. Is very athletic.
2. The baby sleepy.
3. The man bought.
4. When I finish my education.

Simple Sentence

• Sentence that has one subject-verb pair.
• The subject tells who or what did something. It is a noun or pronoun.

Examples:

1. The taxi hit the child. (What hit the child? -the taxi)
2. Soccer and tennis are my favorite sports? (What are my favorites? -soccer and tennis)
3. My roommate lost his keys. (Who lost his keys? -my roommate) 

Predicate:

• Describe what the subject is or does.
• Ex:
• She added.
• She added methanol to the solution. 

Object:

• The object receives the action verb. It is a noun or pronoun.
• To find an object, make a question by putting what after an action verb. (Note: This method for finding objects doesn't work with linking verbs because linking verbs do not have objects.
• The taxi hit the child. (Hit what? -the child. The child is the an object)
• My roommate lost his keys. (Lost what? -his keys. His keys is an object)
• His girlfriend found them. (Found what? -them. Them is an object)
• Not all sentences have objects:
• My family lives in a two- bedroom apartment. (Lives what? -not possible. This sentence has no object)
• The sun is shining today. (Is shining what? -not possible. This sentence has no object
• The fish didn’t smell fresh. (Didn’t smell what?  -not possible.
• This sentence has no object.

Linking Verbs:

• Link the subject with the rest of the sentence.
• Linking verbs do not have objects.
• The most common linking verbs are be, become, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, and taste.

Compound Sentence

• A compound sentence is two simple sentences connected by a comma and a coordinating conjunction.
• This is the basic formula for a compound sentence:
• Simple sentence + COORDINATING CONJUNCTION + simple sentence
• Here are 2 important points to know about compound sentences:
• A comma and a coordinating conjunction connect the two halves of a compound sentence.
• There are 7 coordinating conjunctions in English: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so – “fan boys”.

• Coordinating Conjunction: and, but, or, so.

• And- Connects 2 sentences with similar ideas. The sentences can be positive or negative.
• She doesn’t like rock music, and he doesn’t like art.
• But - Connects 2 sentences with contrasting or opposite ideas.
• She likes country music, but he hates it.
• Or- Connects 2 sentences that express alternatives or choices.
• He doesn’t like art or classical music.
• So - Connects a reason and a result.
• He works a lot, so they don’t go out very often.

Complex Sentence

• A complex sentence has one independent clause and one (or more) dependent clauses.
• When the dependent clause begins with an adverb subordinator, the clauses can usually be in any order.
• If the independent clause is first, we don’t use a comma
• If the dependent clause is first, put a comma after it.
• Ex:
• We ran for shelter as soon as it started to rain.
• As soon as it stated to rain, we ran for shelter.
• Independent clause:
• An independent clause has 1 SV pair and expresses a complete thought.
• Independent clause is just another name for a simple sentence.
• Dependent clause:
• A dependent clause does not express a complete thought, so it is not a sentence by itself.
• It is only half of a sentence.
• Together, the two clauses express a complete thought.
• It must be joined to an independent clause.

What is a topic sentence?

• Usually the first sentence
• Carries the main idea of a paragraph
• Tells what the paragraph is about
• It introduces the topic
• Will then be supported by several sentences with supporting details
• Examples:  elaborations, explanations, examples, descriptions
• It contains an idea or opinion about the topic
• The idea is called a controlling idea about the topic